Sore throat 咽喉痛

Your throat is a tube that carries food to your esophagus and air to your windpipe and larynx. The technical name for throat is pharynx.

Pharyngitis, or sore throat, is discomfort, pain, or scratchiness in the throat. It often makes it painful to swallow. Pharyngitis is caused by swelling (inflammation) of the pharynx, which is in the back of the throat, between the tonsils and the voicebox (larynx).

Most sore throats are caused by a viral infection, such as the cold or flu. Some viruses can cause specific types of sore throat, such as coxsackie infection or mononucleosis. Bacteria that can cause pharyngitis include Group A streptococcus, which leads to strep throat in some cases. Other, less-common bacteria that cause sore throats include corynebacterium, gonorrhea, and chlamydia.

Most cases of pharyngitis occur during the colder months. The illness often spreads among family members.

喉咙是一个输送食物的管道，也将空气输送至气管和喉咙，其科学名称为咽喉。

咽喉炎，或称咽喉痛，即喉咙不适、疼痛或灼热干痒，通常会造成难以吞咽。咽喉炎因咽喉肿痛（发炎）而引发，也就是喉咙后部，即扁桃体和声带之间的部位肿痛。

喉咙痛多半因病毒感染如伤风感冒或流感所引起。一些病毒可造成特定类型的咽喉痛，如柯萨奇病毒感染或单核细胞增多症。造成咽喉炎的细菌包括A群链球菌，在某些情况下会导致链球菌性喉炎。其他可造成咽喉炎但比较不常见的细菌还包括白喉杆菌，淋病奈瑟菌和衣原体。

咽喉炎病例通常发生于寒冷月份。发病可传播于家人之间。

 

Source 资料源自:
http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/sorethroat.html
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmedhealth/PMH0001678/